What is Vitiligo

Vitiligo disease or leukodermia is a chronic skin condition that causes loss of pigment, resulting in irregular pale patches of skin. The precise cause of vitiligo disease is complex and not fully understood.



There is some evidence suggesting it is caused by a combination of auto-immune, genetic, and environmental factors. The population incidence in the United States is considered to be between 1% and 2%. Vitiligo disease is considered a rare condition/rare disease that effects only 1 in 2,000 people.

According to Diseases Database: "Vitiligo disease is a disorder consisting of areas of macular depigmentation, commonly on extensor aspects of extremities, on the face or neck, and in skin folds. Age of onset is often in young adulthood and the condition tends to progress gradually with lesions enlarging and extending until a quiescent state is reached by the patient of vitiligo disease

WHAT IS VITILIGO

Vitiligo is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the white pieces obtained of skin and cover the hair, the result of loss of melanocytes of the implied sectors. The disorder more common of pigmentation, vitiligo arrives with a frequency of 0.1–2.0% in the various populations. The family musters itself case is not rare, in a model non-mendélien suggestive of multifactorial, the inheritance of polygenic.



Studies show that 2624 vitiligo probands of North America and the United Kingdom in the matter of the characteristic clinics, the family engagement, and the association with the other autoimmune disorders, the biggest one such study never executed. More than 83% of probands was Caucasian, and the frequency of vitiligo appeared roughly equal in the males and the female ones. The frequency of vitiligo in probands' the brothers or sisters were 6.1%, about 18 times the frequency of population, suggesting a major genetic component in the disease pathogenesis. Nevertheless, the agreement of vitiligo in the twins of monozygotic was only 23%, indicating that a non genetic component cheek also an important role. Probands with the beginning of preceding disease tended to have more affected parents with vitiligo, suggesting a bigger genetic component in the families of first beginnings. The frequencies of six autoimmune disorders significantly were raised in vitiligo probands and their parents of first degree: vitiligo himself, the disease of autoimmune thyroid (particularly the hypothyroïdisme), weakens it pernicieuse, the disease of Addison, erythematosus of lupus of the system, and the disease of probably inflammatory intestine. These associations indicate that this vitiligo divides the links of common genetic aetiologic with these other autoimmune disorders. These results suggest this analysis of genomic of families with generalized vitiligo and this specific constellation of autoimmune associated disorders will be important to identify the mechanisms of genetic sensitivity to autoimmunity.

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